{"id":949,"date":"2025-10-02T04:00:32","date_gmt":"2025-10-02T04:00:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/no-need-for-more-development-models\/"},"modified":"2025-10-02T04:00:32","modified_gmt":"2025-10-02T04:00:32","slug":"no-need-for-more-development-models","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/blogs\/bellagio-initiative\/no-need-for-more-development-models\/","title":{"rendered":"No Need For More Development Models"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"middle content\">\n<div class=\"column left\" id=\"columnleft\">\n<div class=\"block-0\">\n<section class=\"block themeicon Expert opinion\">\n<article>\n<div class=\"icon\">\n<h3>Theme<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/themes\/global-development-strategies\/\" title=\"Global Development Strategies\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" class=\"projectimage\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/files\/var\/broker\/storage\/images\/themes\/global-development-strategies\/88486-13-eng-gb\/global-development-strategies_big_icon_theme.png\" alt=\"Global Development Strategies\"\/><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/themes\/global-development-strategies\/\" title=\"Global Development Strategies\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGlobal Development Strategies<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h3>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tExpert opinion<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"description\">\n<h4>Related themes:<\/h4>\n<div class=\"icons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/themes\/inclusive-economy\/\" title=\"Inclusive Economy\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/files\/var\/broker\/storage\/images\/themes\/inclusive-economy\/88460-128-eng-gb\/inclusive-economy_tiny_icon.png\" alt=\"Inclusive Economy\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div style=\"clear:both;\"><\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<section class=\"block article author\">\n<div class=\"headline\">\n<h3>About the author<\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"inline-content\">\n<div class=\"about-author\">\n<div class=\"tleft\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<div class=\"tright\">\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/authors\/wildeboer-wieck\/\">Wieck Wildeboer<\/a><\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tWieck Wildeboer is oud-ambassadeur (Oman, Bolivia, Cuba) en ontwikkelingseconoom.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n<p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/authors\/wildeboer-wieck\/\">full profile<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"block article author\">\n<div class=\"headline\">\n<h3>Tags<\/h3>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"inline-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_1\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6286\/\">development policy<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_5\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6343\/\">poverty reduction<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_2\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6434\/\">well-being<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_1\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6305\/\">aid effectiveness<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_3\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6419\/\">ngo<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_10\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6607\/\">political agenda<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_2\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/7387\/\">political economy<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_10\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6305\/\">aid effectiveness<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_4\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6607\/\">political agenda<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_3\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6305\/\">aid effectiveness<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_1\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6351\/\">complexity theory<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"weight_4\"><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/display\/articles\/6434\/\">well-being<\/a><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<section class=\"content column wide left blog_post content view\" id=\"content\">\n<div class=\"edit image\">\n\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/files\/var\/broker\/storage\/images\/blogs\/bellagio-initiative\/no-need-for-more-development-models\/167335-1-eng-gb\/no-need-for-more-development-models_full_view.jpg\" alt=\"Image by E.D.W.W.\">\n\t<\/div>\n<article class=\"fader\">\n<header class=\"contents\">\n<div class=\"share\">\n\t\t\t<script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n    var addthis_config = {\n        ui_language = 'en'\n    }\n<\/script><\/p>\n<div class=\"addthis sharing\">\n\t<!-- AddThis Button BEGIN --><\/p>\n<div class=\"addthis_toolbox addthis_default_style addthis_32x32_style\" addthis:title=\"No need for more development models\">\n\t<a class=\"addthis_button_twitter\" tw:via=\"thebrokeronline\"><\/a><br \/>\n\t<a class=\"addthis_button_facebook\"><\/a><br \/>\n\t<a class=\"addthis_button_pinterest_share\"><\/a><br \/>\n\t<a class=\"addthis_button_preferred_4\"><\/a><br \/>\n\t<a class=\"addthis_button_compact\"><\/a><br \/>\n\t<a class=\"addthis_counter addthis_bubble_style\"><\/a>\n\t<\/div>\n<p>\t<script type=\"text\/javascript\">var addthis_config = data_track_addressbar;<\/script><br \/>\n\t<script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/files\/js\/300\/addthis_widget.js\"><\/script><br \/>\n\t<!-- AddThis Button END -->\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"addthis article_options\">\n\t\t<!-- \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/mandrill\/subscription\/add\/18274\/18415\">Subscribe<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t -->\n<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<h1>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNo need for more development models<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h1>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<p>\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thebrokeronline.eu\/authors\/wildeboer-wieck\/\">Wieck Wildeboer<\/a>\t\t|<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t10 September 2025<br \/>\n\t<\/header>\n<div class=\"body contents\">\n\t<!-- body --><\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\"><b><\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">New development models and even economic theories are redundant, argues Wieck Wildeboer: &quot;As a donor community, we may practice some modesty&quot;.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<\/b><\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">In her opening statement for the Bellagio initiative, Steffie Verstappen poses the question \u201cWhat would a new development model based on human wellbeing look like?\u201d I would argue that a new development model is redundant, as our present models and strategies sufficiently cover the preliminary requirements for wellbeing. Furthermore, I would add that a new set of economic theories or even funding is not necessary either. &nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">Before going into the modalities of a possible new economic model, two questions should be raised. In the first place \u201cwhat is human wellbeing?\u201d and secondly \u201cdo we need a new development model?\u201d Let me start with the conception of \u201chuman wellbeing\u201d. Already in 1943, American psychologist Abraham Maslov argued in his \u201cTheory of Human Motivation\u201d that self-actualization and esteem are the ultimate needs of human beings. This state of \u201cwellbeing\u201d could however only be achieved if other needs as food, water, shelter, health and employment had been secured.<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">Consiously or unconsiously, the ILO Conference of 1976 seems the have accepted this conception of \u201cwellbeing\u201d as it formulated a \u201cbasic needs stategy\u201d, covering the requirements at the base of Maslov&#8217;s pyramid. The Copenhagen \u201cSummit on Social Development\u201d in 1995 focused on the eradication of absolute and relative poverty and the Millenium Goals cover many of the basic needs issues. Hence, one may say that present development models and strategies sufficiently cover the preliminary requirements for wellbeing.<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">Many developing countries have formulated \u201cPoverty Reduction Strategies\u201d without the expected results. Lack of implementation of those beautifully formulated pro-poor strategies remains the root cause of poverty, inequality and the lack of opportunity to participate in the benefits of economic growth. Consequently, there is a greater need for capable, dedicated, uncorruptable politicians and bureaucrats to execute the strategies than for new economic theories or development models or even for money. Any new strategy would face the same disappointing results if these obstacles are not tackled beforehand or simultaniously. This also means that, while accepting the need for the dynamics of a market driven economy, countervailing powers should be put in place in order to secure that the interests of private entities remain in line with public goals. I agree with Narendar Pani that \u201cinclusive economics\u201d is about the methods used to formulate economic policy and \u201cthus does need not to present a completely different set of economic theories\u201d\t<a href=\"#_edn1\" target=\"\">[i]<\/a>.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">Finally, I would like to refer to the excellent paper written by the World Bank\u2019s Elena Ianchovichina en Susanna Lundstrom\t<a href=\"#_edn2\" target=\"\">[ii]<\/a>. First of all, it does away with the notion that sustainable redistribution of wealth and income can be achieved without economic growth. The main instrument for sustainable and inclusive growth is productive employment, according to those researchers. The paper also makes clear that economists do not only measure GDP, but many more variables in socio-economic development.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">In regard of all of the above, Steffie Verstappen\u2019s opening statement is a bit one-sided or perhaps meant to be provocative. As a donor community (be it governmental or non-governmental) we may practice some modesty and concentrate our efforts on the requirements to fullfill basic needs in order to contribute to the \u201cwellbeing\u201d of mankind.<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">\t<a href=\"#_ednref\" target=\"\">[i]<\/a> Narendar Pani (2001). Inclusive Economics: Gandhian Method and Contemporary Policy. Sage Publications.<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">\t<a href=\"#_ednref\" target=\"\">[ii]<\/a> Elena Ianchovichina and Susanna Lundstrom (2009). \u201cWhat is inclusive growth?\u201d: http:\/\/siteresources.worldbank.org\/INTDEBTDEPT\/Resources\/468980-1218567884549\/WhatIsInclusiveGrowth20081230.pdf<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p class=\"yunu3cvqabft7vifv\">\n<p class=\"credit\">Photo credit main picture: Image by E.D.W.W.<\/p>\n<p>\t\t<!-- body -->\n\t<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<div class=\"clear\"><\/div>\n<section class=\"commentform content column wide left\">\n<div class=\"disqus_content\">\n\t\t<a name=\"comments\" id=\"comments\"><\/a><\/p>\n<div id=\"disqus_thread\"><\/div>\n<p>        <script type=\"text\/javascript\">\n            \/* * * CONFIGURATION VARIABLES: EDIT BEFORE PASTING INTO YOUR WEBPAGE * * *\/\n            var disqus_shortname = 'broker'; \/\/ required: replace example with your forum shortname\n            var disqus_identifier = '7565';\n            \/* * * DON'T EDIT BELOW THIS LINE * * *\/\n\t\t\tfunction trackComment(comment)\n            {\n                console.log(comment);\n            }\n\t\t\tfunction disqus_config() {\n                this.callbacks.onNewComment = [function() { \n                console.log(comment);\n                }];\n            }\n\t\t\t(function() {\n                var dsq = document.createElement('script'); 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